Menée en Chine auprès de 63 257 personnes (durée moyenne de suivi : 17,7 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre le risque de carcinome hépatocellulaire (561 cas) et des facteurs de risque modifiables évalués à l'aide d'un système de score (indice de masse corporelle, consommation d'alcool, tabagisme, régime alimentaire et durée du sommeil)

Composite Score of Healthy Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study

Luu, Hung N ; Behari, Jaideep ; Goh Boon Bee, George ; Wang, Renwei ; Jin, Aizhen ; Thomas, Claire E ; Clemente, Jose C ; Odegaard, Andrew ; Koh, Woon-Puay ; Yuan, Jian-Min

Background: While the associations between individual lifestyle factors and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been previously described, their combined impact on HCC risk is unknown. Methods: The association of a composite score of healthy lifestyle factors, including body mass index, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, alternative Mediterranean diet, and sleep duration, and HCC risk was examined in the Singapore Chinese Health Study, an on-going prospective cohort study of 63,257 [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données d'enquêtes réalisées sur la période 2014-2016 auprès de 8 661 jeunes âgés de 12 à 17 ans, cette étude analyse l'association entre l'usage de la cigarette électronique et le tabagisme (cigarettes classiques)

Smoking Intention and Progression From E-Cigarette Use to Cigarette Smoking

Owotomo, Olusegun ; Stritzel, Haley ; McCabe, Sean Esteban ; Boyd, Carol J. ; Maslowsky, Julie

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the prospective association between electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and cigarette smoking is dependent on smoking intention status. METHODS: Waves 2 and 3 data of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, a US nationally representative prospective cohort study of tobacco use. Data were collected in 2014–2015 (wave 2) and 2015–2016 (wave 3) and analyzed in 2019. RESULTS: At wave 2, 12.8% of adolescent never-smokers of conventional [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre septembre 2010 et janvier 2018 (34 articles), cette étude identifie des facteurs personnels et environnementaux impliqués dans la réussite du sevrage tabagique chez les jeunes âgés de 10 à 24 ans

Predictors of Cigarette Smoking Cessation in Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Vallata, Amandine ; O'Loughlin, Jennifer ; Cengelli, Semanur ; Alla, Francois

Purpose: To update a systematic review published in 2012 that identified predictors of cigarette smoking cessation among adolescents. Methods: The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant articles published between September 2010 and January 2018, using the following keywords: smoking OR tobacco OR cessation; quit OR stop; longitudinal OR prospective OR cohort. Our search identified 3,399 articles. Inclusion criteria included longitudinal studies (intervention and cohort [...]

Menée en Iran par questionnaire auprès de 205 témoins et 97 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate récemment diagnostiqué (âge moyen : 60 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre l'apport en polyphénols, la capacité antioxydante totale de l'alimentation et le risque de développer la maladie

Dietary intake of polyphenols and total antioxidant capacity and risk of prostate cancer: A case–control study in Iranian men

Ghanavati, Matin ; Clark, Cain C. T. ; Bahrami, Alireza ; Teymoori, Farshad ; Movahed, Mehdi ; Sohrab, Golbon ; Hejazi, Ehsan

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes, globally, of cancer-related mortality. Previous studies have reported an inverse relationship between some food items or dietary patterns and prostate cancer risk. Polyphenols, as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory dietary components, have been associated with a reduced risk of PCa, whilst dietary indices such as total antioxidant capacity are good predictors of PCa risk. Objective: The purpose of this study was to conduct a [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en juillet 2020 (25 articles), cette étude analyse l'attitude des médecins généralistes en France vis-à-vis de la vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain

Cognitions and behaviours of general practitioners in France regarding HPV vaccination: A theory-based systematic review

Escriva-Boulley, Géraldine ; Mandrik, Olena ; Préau, Marie ; Herrero, Rolando ; Villain, Patricia

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is safe and efficacious to prevent persistent HPV infection, precancerous anogenital lesions and cervical cancer. However, in countries where vaccination programmes are implemented outside of schools, such as France, reaching high HPV vaccination coverage of the target population is challenging. Many studies have been performed in France to assess cognitions of general practitioners' (GPs) regarding HPV vaccination. However, the evidence is not consistent [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis par enquête auprès de 9 744 participants (groupes d'âge : 19-26 ans et 27-45 ans), cette étude analyse la prévalence de la vaccination contre le papillomavirus chez les adultes n'ayant pas été vaccinés pendant l'enfance, après la recommandation par la FDA d'une vaccination de rattrapage jusqu'à 26 ans

Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Prevalence Among Adults Aged 19-45 Years: An Analysis of the 2017 National Health Interview Survey

Kasting, Monica L. ; Giuliano, Anna R. ; Christy, Shannon M. ; Rouse, Caroline E. ; Robertson, Sharon E. ; Thompson, Erika L.

Introduction: In 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration extended the licensure for human papillomavirus vaccination to include everyone aged 27–45 years. In 2019, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices issued a recommendation that adults aged 27–45 years and their providers engage in shared clinical decision making about human papillomavirus vaccination. In addition, in 2019, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices reiterated that all previously unvaccinated individuals [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis par modélisation sur 50 ans et pour 5 millions d'individus, cette étude analyse l'efficacité et la rentabilité de plusieurs interventions visant à augmenter la couverture vaccinale contre le papillomavirus humain

Cost-effectiveness of Interventions to Increase HPV Vaccine Uptake

Spencer, Jennifer C. ; Brewer, Noel T. ; Trogdon, Justin G. ; Weinberger, Morris ; Coyne-Beasley, Tamera ; Wheeler, Stephanie B.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to prioritize interventions for increasing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage based on cost-effectiveness from a US state perspective to inform decisions by policy makers. METHODS: We developed a dynamic simulation model of HPV transmission and progression scaled to a medium-sized US state (5 million individuals). We modeled outcomes over 50 years comparing no intervention to a one-year implementation of centralized reminder and recall for HPV vaccination, [...]

Menée en Angleterre à partir de données d'un registre régional portant sur 891 femmes porteuses d'une mutation BRCA et ayant subi une salpingo-ovariectomie prophylactique bilatérale et sur 1 302 témoins n'ayant pas eu recours à cette opération (âge médian lors de la chirurgie : 45 ans), cette étude analyse l'efficacité de cette opération sur la réduction du risque de cancer séreux de l'ovaire de haut grade ou du péritoine

Specialist oncological surgery for removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes in BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers may reduce primary peritoneal cancer risk to very low levels

Crosbie, Emma J. ; Flaum, Nicola ; Harkness, Elaine F. ; Clayton, Richard D. ; Holland, Cathrine ; Martin-Hirsch, Pierre ; Wood, Nick ; Keating, Patrick ; Woodward, Emma R. ; Lalloo, Fiona ; Donnai, Paul ; Edmondson, Richard J. ; Evans, D. Gareth

Risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (RRBSO) is highly effective for the prevention of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) in BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers (PVCs), but does not completely eliminate future risk of primary peritoneal cancer (PPC). The requirement to completely remove fallopian tubes at RRBSO and carefully exclude occult cancer/serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) lesions may not have been appreciated historically. We calculated rates of HGSOC and PPC [...]

Menée sur la période 2014-2018 à partir de 1 431 463 messages d'un réseau social, cette étude analyse l'intérêt de l'utilisation d'algorithmes d'apprentissage automatique intégrant des données de médias sociaux pour comprendre la perception du vaccin contre le papillomavirus humain

Use of Deep Learning to Analyze Social Media Discussions About the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine

Du, Jingcheng ; Luo, Chongliang ; Shegog, Ross ; Bian, Jiang ; Cunningham, Rachel M. ; Boom, Julie A. ; Poland, Gregory A. ; Chen, Yong ; Tao, Cui

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine hesitancy or refusal is common among parents of adolescents. An understanding of public perceptions from the perspective of behavior change theories can facilitate effective and targeted vaccine promotion strategies.To develop and validate deep learning models for understanding public perceptions of HPV vaccines from the perspective of behavior change theories using data from social media.This retrospective cohort study, conducted from April to August 2019, [...]