Menée en Angleterre et en Ecosse entre 1994 et 2008 par enquêtes auprès de 54 686 participants (âge médian : 51 ans ; durée moyenne de suivi : 9,9 ans), cette étude analyse l'effet de l'activité physique sur la mortalité par cancer lié à la consommation d'alcool (1 339 cas)

Does adequate Physical Activity Attenuate the Associations of Alcohol and Alcohol-Related Cancer Mortality? A Pooled Study of 54,686 British Adults

Feng, Yingyu ; Powell, Lauren ; Vassallo, Amy Jo ; Hamer, Mark ; Stamatakis, Emmanuel

The potential of physical activity to attenuate the effects of alcohol consumption on the risks of alcohol-related cancer mortality is unknown. We used data from participants aged 30 years and over in ten British population-based surveys (Health Surveys for England 1994, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2003, 2004, 2006 and 2008 and the Scottish Health Surveys 1998 and 2003). Alcohol-related cancer mortality included oral cavity, throat, larynx, oesophagus, liver, colorectal, stomach and female breast [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à l'aide de données 1993-1998 portant sur 141 288 femmes ménopausées (âge moyen : 63,3 ans ; durée moyenne de suivi : 18,5 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre la pratique d'une activité physique d'intensité modérée à vigoureuse et le risque de cancer de la vessie (817 cas)

Physical activity and risk of bladder cancer among postmenopausal women

Li, Yueyao ; Hendryx, Michael S. ; Xun, Pengcheng ; He, Ka ; Shadyab, Aladdin H. ; Lane, Dorothy S. ; Nassir, Rami ; Stefanick, Marcia L. ; Wactawski-Wende, Jean ; Pal, Sumanta Kumar ; Luo, Juhua

Physical activity is associated with decreased risk for many cancers. Studies on the association between physical activity and risk of bladder cancer are limited, and findings are inconsistent. Postmenopausal women (mean age= 63.3) were recruited into the Women's Health Initiative from 1993 to 1998. Self-reported baseline information on physical activity and other covariates were available in 141,288 participants. Incident bladder cancer cases were collected through 2018 and centrally [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre 2011 et 2020 (9 articles), cette étude analyse l'association entre une alimentation respectant des scores nutritionnels suédois et le risque de cancer

Recommended Food Score and Healthy Nordic Food Index in Cancer: A Systematic Review

Hajjar, Melika ; Rezazadeh, Arezoo

Aim: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. About one third of deaths from cancer are due to the five behavioral and dietary risk factors e.g., high body mass index, low fruit and vegetable consumption, lack of physical activity, tobacco use, and alcohol use. The aim of this study is to review systematically the association of Recommended Food Score (RFS) and the Healthy Nordic Food Index (HNFI) with cancer. Method: Literature search conducted using electronic database [...]

Menée en Iran en milieu hospitalier auprès de 128 patients atteints d'un gliome et 256 témoins (âge moyen : 43,4 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre une consommation de légumineuses et de noix et le risque de développer la maladie

Legume and Nuts Consumption in Relation to Glioma: A Case-Control Study

Malmir, Hanieh ; Shayanfar, Mehdi ; Mohammad-Shirazi, Minoo ; Sharifi, Giuve ; Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad

Data on the link between legume and nuts consumption and risk of glioma are controversial. The current study aimed to investigate the relation between legume and nuts consumption and glioma in a case-control study in Iranian adults. In this hospital-based case-control study, we enrolled 128 pathologically confirmed new cases of glioma and 256 age and sex-matched controls. Dietary intakes of study participants were assessed using the validated Block-format 123-item semi-quantitative FFQ. Data on [...]

Menée à l'aide d'un modèle murin d'hépatocarcinogenèse chimiquement induite, cette étude analyse les propriétés antitumorales d'un apport alimentaire de capsaïcine

Protective Effects of Dietary Capsaicin on the Initiation Step of a Two-Stage Hepatocarcinogenesis Rat Model

Sarmiento-Machado, Luis Manuel ; Romualdo, Guilherme Ribeiro ; Zapaterini, Joyce Regina ; Tablas, Mariana Baptista ; Fernandes, Ana Angélica Henrique ; Moreno, Fernando Salvador ; Barbisan, Luís Fernando

Capsaicin (CPS), an ingredient of Capsicum plants, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumoral properties. The mechanisms of CPS on hepatocarcinogenesis preclinical bioassays are not described. Thus, the protective effects CPS were evaluated in the early stages of chemically-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Male Wistar rats received diet containing 0.01% or 0.02% CPS for 3?weeks. Afterwards, animals received a dose of hepatocarcinogen diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 100?mg/kg body weight). From [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à l'aide des données d'une enquête réalisée auprès de 145 153 adolescents sur la période 2011-2017 (âge : 13-17 ans), cette étude analyse l'effet, sur le taux de vaccination, d'une mesure rendant obligatoire le vaccin anti-papillomavirus humain HPV pour être admis à l'école

Rhode Island Human Papillomavirus Vaccine School Entry Requirement Using Provider-Verified Report

Thompson, Erika L. ; Livingston, Melvin D., III ; Daley, Ellen M. ; Saslow, Debbie ; Zimet, Gregory D.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus vaccine school entry requirements may be an opportunity to improve the low rates of human papillomavirus vaccination among adolescents. This study evaluates changes in provider-verified human papillomavirus vaccine uptake by age 13 years for adolescents in Rhode Island compared with all other states from 2011 to 2017. Methods: The National Immunization Survey-Teen 2011–2017, a population-based cross-sectional survey, was analyzed in 2019. The survey included [...]

Menée en Suisse par modélisation, cette étude compare l'efficacité, du point de vue du nombre de cas de cancer du col de l'utérus ou de lésions précancéreuses de haut grade évités, de deux programmes de vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain, l'un utilisant un vaccin nonavalent et l'autre utilisant un vaccin quadrivalent (actuellement en vigueur) chez les garçons et les filles âgés de 11 à 26 ans

Assessing the epidemiological impact on cervical cancer of switching from 4-valent to 9-valent HPV vaccine within a gender-neutral vaccination programme in Switzerland

Kind, André B. ; Pavelyev, Andrew ; Kothari, Smita ; El Mouaddin, Nadia ; Schmidt, Aurélie ; Morais, Edith ; Guggisberg, Patrik ; Lienert, Florian

Background: An infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the obligatory aetiological factor for the development of cervical cancer. In Switzerland, the prevention strategy for cervical cancer is based on primary prevention via HPV vaccination and secondary prevention with an opportunistic screening programme for precancerous lesions. Vaccination is recommended to 11–26 years old male and female persons. The objective of the study was to assess the epidemiological impact on cervical [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données 1992-2014 portant sur 4 452 fumeurs âgés d'au moins 51 ans, cette étude analyse l'association entre les lois antitabac, l'augmentation du prix des cigarettes et la baisse d'intensité ou l'arrêt du tabagisme

Tobacco control policy and smoking among older Americans: An analysis of a nationally-representative longitudinal sample (1992–2014)

Kalousová, Lucie

Smoking has decreased less rapidly among older adults than among the working age population in the United States. This study examines whether tobacco control policy, specifically smoke-free laws and increased cigarette prices, are associated with smoking cessation and lower smoking intensity among older adults. In addition, it considers whether the effect of smoke-free laws varied by labor force participation. Using geocoded longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement study collected from [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en novembre 2019 (20 essais randomisés, 2 295 patients), cette étude évalue l'efficacité d'interventions comportementales et pharmaceutiques en matière de protection solaire pour prévenir les cancers de la peau non mélanocytaires chez les patients ayant reçu une greffe d'organe

Behavioural and pharmaceutical interventions for the prevention of skin cancers in solid organ transplant recipients: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials

James, Laura J ; Saglimbene, Valeria ; Wong, Germaine ; Tong, Allison ; Luu, Laurence Don Wai ; Craig, Jonathan ; Howard, Kirsten ; Howell, Martin

Objectives: Solid organ transplant recipients are at increased risk of skin cancer, affecting more than 50% of recipients. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of interventions for behavioural change for sun protection or skin cancer prevention in solid organ transplant recipients. Design: Systematic review. Data sources: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and CINAHL from inception to November 2019. Eligibility criteria: We included [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis en 2018 par enquête auprès de 1 352 adultes (âge moyen : 37 ans), cette étude analyse les effets, sur la perception des dangers des cigarettes, de l'alcool et des boissons édulcorées, d'avertissements sanitaires selon qu'ils sont graphiques ou textuels

Reactions to graphic and text health warnings for cigarettes, sugar-sweetened beverages, and alcohol: An online randomized experiment of US adults

Hall, Marissa G. ; Grummon, Anna H. ; Lazard, Allison J. ; Maynard, Olivia M. ; Taillie, Lindsey Smith

We aimed to examine reactions to graphic versus text-only warnings among cigarette, SSB, and alcohol warnings. A convenience sample of US adults completed an online survey in 2018 (n = 1352 in the analytic sample). We randomly assigned participants to view a: 1) text-only warning without efficacy information (i.e., message intended to increase consumers' confidence in their ability to stop using the product), 2) text-only warning with efficacy information, 3) graphic warning without efficacy [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre 2009 et 2019 (32 articles), cette étude analyse les interventions de sevrage tabagigue réalisées auprès des jeunes adultes américains (18-24 ans)

Smoking-Cessation Interventions for U.S. Young Adults: Updated Systematic Review

Villanti, Andrea C. ; West, Julia C. ; Klemperer, Elias M. ; Graham, Amanda L. ; Mays, Darren ; Mermelstein, Robin J. ; Higgins, Stephen T.

Context: Recent data suggest that the onset of cigarette smoking is now more likely during young adulthood than adolescence. Additionally, the landscape of delivering smoking-cessation interventions has changed in the past decade, with the emergence of mobile phone and web-based approaches. The objective of this study is to update a 2010 systematic review of smoking-cessation interventions for U.S. young adults (aged 18–24 years). Evidence acquisition: Electronic searches were conducted in [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis entre 2010 et 2017 à l'aide de données portant sur 12 678 fumeurs (âge : 55-80 ans), cette étude examine le taux d'interventions de sevrage tabagique après la modification des recommandations sur le dépistage du cancer du poumon par tomodensitométrie à faible dose

Smoking-Cessation Interventions After Lung Cancer Screening Guideline Change

Li, Jiang ; Chung, Sukyung ; Martinez, Meghan C. ; Luft, Harold S.

Introduction: Recent guideline changes for lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography recommend smoking-cessation interventions be done in parallel with screening. The purpose of this study is to determine the post-guideline rates of smoking-cessation interventions among patients eligible and ineligible for lung cancer screening. Methods: Using electronic health records collected from a large ambulatory care system in northern California between 2010 and 2017, authors identified [...]