Menée à partir des données des cohortes "the Nurses’ Health Study" et "the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study" portant sur 77 535 femmes et sur 44 540 hommes (durée moyenne de suivi : 23 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre la pratique d'une activité physique d'intensité modérée, comme la marche rapide, et le risque de carcinome hépatocellulaire (138 cas)

Physical activity and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among U.S. men and women

Luo, Xiao ; Yang, Wanshui ; Ma, Yanan ; Simon, Tracey G ; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A. ; Chan, Andrew T. ; Giovannucci, Edward L. ; Zhang, Xuehong

Mounting evidence indicates a potential beneficial effect of vigorous-intensity physical activity on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the association between moderate-intensity physical activity, such as brisk walking, and the risk of HCC remains largely unknown. Two prospective cohorts of 77,535 women from the Nurses' Health Study and 44,540 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study were included. Weekly time spent on physical activities were updated biennially. The Cox [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à partir de données 2005-2015 portant sur 447 280

Low-dose aspirin and risk of gastric and oesophageal cancer: a population-based study in the United Kingdom using The Health Improvement Network

García Rodríguez, Luis A ; Soriano-Gabarró, Montse ; Vora, Pareen ; Cea Soriano, Lucía

There is increasing interest regarding potential protective effects of low-dose aspirin against various gastrointestinal cancers. We aimed to quantify the association between use of low-dose aspirin and risk of gastric/oesophageal cancer using a population-based primary care database in the UK. Between January 2005 and December 2015, we identified a cohort of 223 640 new users of low-dose aspirin (75-300 mg/day) and a matched cohort of non-users at the start of follow-up from The Health [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à l'aide de données d'enquêtes réalisées en 2003, 2010 et 2011 auprès de 62 165 adultes, cette étude analyse l'association entre les lois sur la qualité de l'air intérieur, la taxation des produits du tabac et les traitements d'aide au sevrage tabagique

Cigarette excise taxes, clean indoor air laws, and use of smoking cessation treatments: A mediation analysis

Mojtabai, Ramin ; Riehm, Kira E. ; Cohen, Joanna E. ; Alexander, G. Caleb ; Vernick, Jon S. ; Thrul, Johannes

The role of smoking cessation treatments in the link between clean indoor air laws and cigarette taxes with smoking cessation is not known. This study examined whether the use of smoking cessation treatments mediates the association between clean indoor air laws and cigarette excise taxes, on the one hand, and recent smoking cessation, on the other hand. Using data on 62,165 adult participants in the 2003 and 2010–2011 Current Population Survey-Tobacco Use Supplement who reported smoking [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature (7 études), cette méta-analyse évalue la pénétrance des cancers du sein et de l'ovaire chez les femmes porteuses d'une mutation BRCA 1/2 et n'ayant pas subi de salpingo-ovariectomie prophylactique

Penetrance of Breast and Ovarian Cancer in Women Who Carry a BRCA1/2 Mutation and Do not Use Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy: An Updated Meta-analysis

Chen, Jinbo ; Bae, Eunchan ; Zhang, Lingjiao ; Hughes, Kevin ; Parmigiani, Giovanni ; Braun, Danielle ; Rebbeck, Timothy R

Use of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) substantially reduces the risk of ovarian and breast cancer for women who carry a BRCA1/2 mutation. It is important to adjust for RRSO use in the estimation of BRCA1/2 penetrance of breast and ovarian cancer.We searched PUBMED for penetrance estimates of breast and ovarian cancer from studies that genotyped individual subjects and explicitly adjusted for RRSO use by censoring follow-up at the age of RRSO. We meta-analyzed penetrance estimates [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis pendant un mois auprès de 97 étudiants, cette étude évalue l'efficacité d'une application mobile pour améliorer les connaissances sur le radon et inciter aux tests résidentiels

Communicating radon risk via a smartphone app: a pilot intervention study

Kim, Soojung ; Brewster, Michael S. ; Schwartz, Gary G.

Background: Residential radon is a major preventable cause of lung cancer. However, prevention requires radon testing and it has proven very challenging to motivate individuals to test their homes for hazards like radon that are invisible and whose health effects occur after a long latency following exposure. Novel approaches to radon communication are urgently needed. Methods: We created a novel radon-education app for smartphones and examined its effectiveness in increasing radon knowledge [...]