Menée sur 58 patients présentant des lésions bénignes ou malignes au niveau du corps ou de la queue du pancréas, cette étude évalue l'intérêt, du point de vue de la durée d'hospitalisation après l'opération, d'une pancréatectomie distale laparoscopique par rapport à une pancréatectomie distale par voie ouverte

Comparison of the duration of hospital stay after laparoscopic or open distal pancreatectomy: randomized controlled trial

Björnsson, B. ; Larsson, A. Lindhoff ; Hjalmarsson, C. ; Gasslander, T. ; Sandström, P.

Background : Studies have suggested that laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) is advantageous compared with open distal pancreatectomy (ODP) regarding hospital stay, blood loss and recovery. Only one randomized study is available, which showed enhanced functional recovery after LDP compared with ODP. Methods : Consecutive patients evaluated at a multidisciplinary tumour board and planned for standard distal pancreatectomy were randomized prospectively to LDP or ODP in an unblinded, [...]

Menée auprès de 297 patients atteints d'un cancer du poumon à petites cellules de stade limité déterminé par IRM (âge médian : 62,2 ans ou 68,6 ans), cette étude évalue, du point de vue de l'amélioration de la survie globale et de la réduction de l'incidence de métastases cérébrales, l'intérêt d'une irradiation crânienne prophylactique après une radiothérapie thoracique

Rates of Overall Survival and Intracranial Control in the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Era for Patients With Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer With and Without Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation

Pezzi, Todd A. ; Fang, Penny ; Gjyshi, Olsi ; Feng, Lei ; Liu, Suyu ; Komaki, Ritsuko ; Lin, Steven H.

Importance : Historical data suggest that there is an overall survival benefit associated with prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, as the fidelity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain continues to improve, this idea is now being questioned, with recent research showing no survival benefit associated with PCI in extensive-stage SCLC; however, the role for PCI is not clear in patients with limited-stage SCLC (LS-SCLC). [...]

Menée au Japon à partir de données portant sur 549 patients ayant subi une résection chirurgicale R0 entre 1997 et 2007 pour traiter un cancer colorectal primitif avec métastases hépatiques synchrones (durée médiane : 51,4 mois), cette étude multicentrique évalue l'effet, sur la survie globale à 5 ans, d'une ligature haute de l'artère irriguant la région colorectale impliquée

Effect of high ligation on survival of patients undergoing surgery for primary colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases

Matsui, S. ; Okabayashi, K. ; Hasegawa, H. ; Tsuruta, M. ; Shigeta, K. ; Ishida, T. ; Yamada, T. ; Kondo, T. ; Yamauchi, S. ; Sugihara, K. ; Kitagawa, Y.

Background : Although R0 surgery is recommended for stage IV colorectal cancer, the degree of required lymphadenectomy has not been established. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic impact of high ligation (HL) of the feeding artery and the number of retrieved lymph nodes after R0 surgery for colorectal cancer and synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM). Methods : This was a multi‐institutional retrospective analysis of patients with colorectal cancer and [...]

Mené sur 1 153 patientes atteintes d'un carcinome canalaire invasif du sein traité par lumpectomie (âge : 45 ans ou plus ; âge moyen : 63 ans ; taille de la tumeur : inférieure à 3,5 cm), cet essai international (9 pays) évalue, du point de vue du taux de récidive locale à 5 ans, du taux de survie sans mastectomie, du taux de survie sans maladie distante et du taux de survie globale, la non infériorité d'une intervention différée comportant la réouverture de la plaie chirurgicale ainsi qu'une radiothérapie intra-opératoire ciblée par rapport à une radiothérapie externe de l'ensemble du sein

Effect of Delayed Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy vs Whole-Breast Radiotherapy on Local Recurrence and Survival: Long-term Results From the TARGIT-A Randomized Clinical Trial in Early Breast Cancer

Vaidya, Jayant S. ; Bulsara, Max ; Saunders, Christobel ; Flyger, Henrik ; Tobias, Jeffrey S. ; Corica, Tammy ; Massarut, Samuele ; Wenz, Frederik ; Pigorsch, Steffi ; Alvarado, Michael ; Douek, Michael ; Eiermann, Wolfgang ; Brew-Graves, Chris ; Williams, Norman ; Potyka, Ingrid ; Roberts, Nicholas ; Bernstein, Marcelle ; Brown, Douglas ; Sperk, Elena ; Laws, Siobhan ; Sütterlin, Marc ; Lundgren, Steinar ; Holmes, Dennis ; Vinante, Lorenzo ; Bozza, Fernando ; Pazos, Montserrat ; Le Blanc-Onfroy, Magali ; Gruber, Gunther ; Polkowski, Wojciech ; Dedes, Konstantin J. ; Niewald, Marcus ; Blohmer, Jens ; McCready, David ; Hoefer, Richard ; Kelemen, Pond ; Petralia, Gloria ; Falzon, Mary ; Baum, Michael ; Joseph, David

Importance : Conventional adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer given daily for several weeks is onerous and expensive. Some patients may be obliged to choose a mastectomy instead, and some may forgo radiotherapy altogether. We proposed a clinical trial to test whether radiotherapy could be safely limited to the tumor bed. Objective : To determine whether delayed second-procedure targeted intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT-IORT) is noninferior to whole-breast external beam radiotherapy [...]

Menée notamment à l'aide d'un modèle murin de carcinome hépatocellulaire et d'un modèle murin de cancer du poumon, cette étude met en évidence l'effet antitumoral de nanoparticules photothermiques possédant des hétérojonctions latérales de sélénium-tellure

Eradication of tumor growth by delivering novel photothermal selenium-coated tellurium nanoheterojunctions

Chen, Shiyou ; Xing, Chenyang ; Huang, Dazhou ; Zhou, Chuanhong ; Ding, Bo ; Guo, Ziheng ; Peng, Zhengchun ; Wang, Dou ; Zhu, Xi ; Liu, Shuzhen ; Cai, Zhen ; Wu, Jieyu ; Zhao, Jiaqi ; Wu, Zongze ; Zhang, Yuhua ; Wei, Chaoying ; Yan, Qiaoting ; Wang, Hongzhong ; Fan, Dianyuan ; Liu, Liping ; Zhang, Han ; Cao, Yihai

Two-dimensional nanomaterial-based photothermal therapy (PTT) is currently under intensive investigation as a promising approach toward curative cancer treatment. However, high toxicity, moderate efficacy, and low uniformity in shape remain critical unresolved issues that hamper their clinical application. Thus, there is an urgent need for developing versatile nanomaterials to meet clinical expectations. To achieve this goal, we developed a stable, highly uniform in size, and nontoxic [...]

Menée à l'aide de xénogreffes de leucémie aiguë lymphoblastique pédiatrique, cette étude identifie un nouveau sensibilisateur aux glucocorticoïdes et démontre que la levée de la résistance thérapeutique aux glucocorticoïdes dépend de la restauration de l'expression du gène pro-apoptotique BIM

Reversal of glucocorticoid resistance in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is dependent on restoring BIM expression

Toscan, Cara E. ; Jing, Duohui ; Mayoh, Chelsea ; Lock, Richard B.

Background : Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common paediatric malignancy. Glucocorticoids form a critical component of chemotherapy regimens and resistance to glucocorticoid therapy is predictive of poor outcome. We have previously shown that glucocorticoid resistance is associated with upregulation of the oncogene C-MYC and failure to induce the proapoptotic gene BIM. Methods : A high-throughput screening (HTS) campaign was carried out to identify glucocorticoid sensitisers [...]

Menée in vitro et à l'aide d'un modèle murin de lymphome non hodgkinien, cette étude met en évidence l'intérêt thérapeutique de nanoparticules chargées en petites molécules inhibitrices de la voie de signalisation PIK3/mTOR et ciblant les protéines membranaires CD20 et Lym1

Pretargeted delivery of PI3K/mTOR small-molecule inhibitor–loaded nanoparticles for treatment of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Au, Kin Man ; Wang, Andrew Z. ; Park, Steven I.

Overactivation of the PI3K/mTOR signaling has been identified in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. BEZ235 is an effective dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, but it was withdrawn from early-phase clinical trials owing to poor solubility and on-target/off-tumor toxicity. Here, we developed a nanoparticle (NP)–based pretargeted system for the therapeutic delivery of BEZ235 to CD20- and HLA-DR–expressing lymphoma cells for targeted therapy. The pretargeted system is composed of dibenzocyclooctyne-functionalized [...]

Menée sur des lignées cellulaires de cancer de l'ovaire d'origine humaine et à l'aide de l'analyse immunohistochimique d'échantillons tumoraux, cette étude démontre que la chimiothérapie peut, via le facteur de transcription GLI1, accroître la migration des cellules tumorales et favoriser le développement de caractéristiques similaires à celles des cellules souches cancéreuses

Chemotherapy exacerbates ovarian cancer cell migration and cancer stem cell-like characteristics through GLI1

Zhao, Yawei ; He, Meihui ; Cui, Lianzhi ; Gao, Mohan ; Zhang, Min ; Yue, Fengli ; Shi, Tongfei ; Yang, Xuehan ; Pan, Yue ; Zheng, Xiao ; Jia, Yong ; Shao, Dan ; Li, Jing ; He, Kan ; Chen, Li

Background : Despite the great clinical response to the first-line chemotherapeutics, metastasis still happens among most of the ovarian cancer patients within 2 years. Methods : Using multiple human ovarian cancer cell lines, a transwell co-culture system of the carboplatin or VP-16-challenged feeder and receptor cells was established to demonstrate the chemotherapy-exacerbated migration. The migration and cancer stem cell (CSC)-like characteristics were determined by wound healing, transwell [...]

Menée à l'aide de modèles murins de cancer du pancréas, cette étude démontre que la diminution de la quantité de cystéine dans les cellules tumorales induit une ferroptose

Cysteine depletion induces pancreatic tumor ferroptosis in mice

Badgley, Michael A. ; Kremer, Daniel M. ; Maurer, H. Carlo ; DelGiorno, Kathleen E. ; Lee, Ho-Joon ; Purohit, Vinee ; Sagalovskiy, Irina R. ; Ma, Alice ; Kapilian, Jonathan ; Firl, Christina E. M. ; Decker, Amanda R. ; Sastra, Steve A. ; Palermo, Carmine F. ; Andrade, Leonardo R. ; Sajjakulnukit, Peter ; Zhang, Li ; Tolstyka, Zachary P. ; Hirschhorn, Tal ; Lamb, Candice ; Liu, Tong ; Gu, Wei ; Seeley, E. Scott ; Stone, Everett ; Georgiou, George ; Manor, Uri ; Iuga, Alina ; Wahl, Geoffrey M. ; Stockwell, Brent R. ; Lyssiotis, Costas A. ; Olive, Kenneth P.

Cell death can occur through different mechanisms, several of which are being explored as potential targets for cancer treatment. One form of cell death that has attracted recent interest is ferroptosis, which is triggered by high intracellular levels of lipid reactive oxygen species. Pancreatic cancer cells have high levels of reactive oxygen species but manage to avoid ferroptosis by importing extracellular cysteine. Studying mice bearing pancreatic tumors, Badgley et al. found that [...]

Menée in vitro et à l'aide de modèles murins de glioblastome, cette étude met en évidence l'intérêt de la vitamine B3 pour stimuler les cellules myéloïdes et atténuer la croissance tumorale

Control of brain tumor growth by reactivating myeloid cells with niacin

Sarkar, Susobhan ; Yang, Runze ; Mirzaei, Reza ; Rawji, Khalil ; Poon, Candice ; Mishra, Manoj K. ; Zemp, Franz J. ; Bose, Pinaki ; Kelly, John ; Dunn, Jeff F. ; Yong, V. Wee

Although innate immune cells are typically present inside tumors, they often have an inactive phenotype such that they are ineffective at killing the cancer cells or even promote tumor growth. Sarkar et al. discovered that it may be possible to reprogram these cells to a more active type using niacin (vitamin B3). The authors showed that niacin-exposed monocytes can inhibit the growth of brain tumor–initiating cells. Moreover, niacin treatment of intracranial mouse models of glioblastoma [...]

Mené sur 85 patients atteints d’une tumeur solide réfractaire aux traitements standard et de stade avancé, cet essai de phase I évalue la dose maximale tolérée d’un composé appelé MRX34 utilisant le micro-ARN-34a (miR-34a) administré sous forme liposomale, et analyse ses caractéristiques pharmacocinétiques

Phase 1 study of MRX34, a liposomal miR-34a mimic, in patients with advanced solid tumours

David S. Hong, Yoon-Koo Kang, Mitesh Borad (et al.)

Background : In this first-in-human, Phase 1 study of a microRNA-based cancer therapy, the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) of MRX34, a liposomal mimic of microRNA-34a (miR-34a), was determined and evaluated in patients with advanced solid tumours. Methods : Adults with various solid tumours refractory to standard treatments were enrolled in 3?+?3 dose-escalation cohorts and, following RP2D determination, expansion cohorts. MRX34, with oral dexamethasone premedication, was given intravenously [...]

Mené sur 32 patients atteints d’une tumeur neuro-endocrine (hors pancréas), cet essai de phase II évalue l’efficacité, du point de vue du taux de réponse globale, et la toxicité d’un traitement combinant ipilimumab et nivolumab

A Phase II Basket Trial of Dual Anti–CTLA-4 and Anti–PD-1 Blockade in Rare Tumors (DART SWOG 1609) in Patients with Nonpancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

Sandip P. Patel, Megan Othus, Young Kwang Chae (et al.)

Purpose: Immune checkpoint blockade has improved outcomes across tumor types; little is known about the efficacy of these agents in rare tumors. We report the results of the (nonpancreatic) neuroendocrine neoplasm cohort of SWOG S1609 dual anti–CTLA-4 and anti–PD-1 blockade in rare tumors (DART). Experimental Design: We performed a prospective, open-label, multicenter phase II clinical trial of ipilimumab plus nivolumab across multiple rare tumor cohorts, with the (nonpancreatic) neuroendocrine [...]

Mené à partir de données portant sur 23 patients atteints d’une leucémie lymphoïde chronique réfractaire ou récidivante, cette étude rétrospective évalue l’efficacité, du point de vue de la survie sans progression et de la survie globale, et la toxicité des inhibiteurs de BTK (ibrutinib ou zanubrutinib) après l’échec d’un traitement par vénétoclax (durée médiane de suivi : 33 mois)

BTK inhibitor therapy is effective in patients with CLL resistant to venetoclax

Victor S Lin, Thomas E Lew, Sasanka Mithila Handunnetti (et al.)

Highly active BTK inhibitors (BTKi) and the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax have transformed the therapeutic landscape for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Results of prospective clinical trials demonstrate the efficacy of venetoclax to salvage patients with disease progression on BTKi, but data on BTKi therapy following disease progression on venetoclax are limited, especially regarding durability of benefit. We retrospectively evaluated the records of 23 consecutive patients with [...]

Cette étude passe en revue les essais évaluant l’efficacité du lénalidomide, seul ou en combinaison avec le rituximab, chez des patients atteints d’un lymphome folliculaire

Lenalidomide in follicular lymphoma

Christopher Flowers, John P Leonard, Nathan Fowler

Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory drug approved in the United States for use with rituximab in patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma. We reviewed data from trials addressing the safety and efficacy of lenalidomide alone and in combination with rituximab as first-line therapy and as treatment for patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma. Lenalidomide-rituximab has been demonstrated to be an effective chemotherapy-free therapy that improves upon single agent [...]

Mené sur 74 patients atteints d'un lymphome à cellules du manteau récidivant ou réfractaire aux traitements, cet essai de phase II évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue du taux de réponse objective, et la toxicité de KTE-X19, un médicament à base de lymphocytes CAR-T ciblant l'antigène CD-19

KTE-X19 CAR T-Cell Therapy in Relapsed or Refractory Mantle-Cell Lymphoma

Wang, Michael ; Munoz, Javier ; Goy, Andre ; Locke, Frederick L. ; Jacobson, Caron A. ; Hill, Brian T. ; Timmerman, John M. ; Holmes, Houston ; Jaglowski, Samantha ; Flinn, Ian W. ; McSweeney, Peter A. ; Miklos, David B. ; Pagel, John M. ; Kersten, Marie-Jose ; Milpied, Noel ; Fung, Henry ; Topp, Max S. ; Houot, Roch ; Beitinjaneh, Amer ; Peng, Weimin ; Zheng, Lianqing ; Rossi, John M. ; Jain, Rajul K. ; Rao, Arati V. ; Reagan, Patrick M.

Background : Patients with relapsed or refractory mantle-cell lymphoma who have disease progression during or after the receipt of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor therapy have a poor prognosis. KTE-X19, an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, may have benefit in patients with relapsed or refractory mantle-cell lymphoma. Methods : In a multicenter, phase 2 trial, we evaluated KTE-X19 in patients with relapsed or refractory mantle-cell lymphoma. Patients had disease [...]

Mené sur 28 patients atteints d’un myélome multiple réfractaire ou récidivant (âge médian : 67 ans), cet essai de phase I évalue la dose maximale tolérée et l’efficacité, du point de vue du taux de réponse globale, du ruxolitinib en combinaison avec du lénalidomide et de la méthylprednisolone, après l’échec de plusieurs lignes de traitements dont certains par lénalidomide et stéroïdes (nombre médian de traitements antérieurs : 6)

A Phase I Study of Ruxolitinib, Lenalidomide, and Steroids for Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma

James R. Berenson, Jennifer To, Tanya M. Spektor (et al.)

Purpose: Ruxolitinib with lenalidomide and dexamethasone shows antimyeloma effects in vitro and in vivo. MUC1 leads to lenalidomide resistance in multiple myeloma cells, and ruxolitinib blocks its expression. Thus, ruxolitinib may restore sensitivity to lenalidomide. Therefore, a phase I trial was conducted to determine the safety and efficacy of ruxolitinib with lenalidomide and methylprednisolone for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) who had been treated with [...]

Mené sur 75 patients atteints d’un myélome multiple réfractaire ou récidivant, cet essai de phase I/IB évalue la dose maximale tolérée d’un composé appelé ABBV-838 (un conjugué anticorps-médicament ciblant SLAMF7/CS1) et analyse ses caractéristiques pharmacocinétiques

First-in-Human Phase I Study of ABBV-838, an Antibody–Drug Conjugate Targeting SLAMF7/CS1 in Patients with Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Ravi Vij, Rajneesh Nath, Daniel E.H. Afar, María-Victoria Mateos (et al.)

Purpose: ABBV-838 is an antibody–drug conjugate targeting a unique epitope of CD2 subset 1, a cell-surface glycoprotein expressed on multiple myeloma cells. This phase I/Ib first-in-human, dose-escalation study (trial registration ID: NCT02462525) evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary activity of ABBV-838 in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Patients and Methods: Eligible patients (?18 years) received ABBV-838 (3+3 design) intravenously starting [...]

Mené sur 40 patients atteints d’une tumeur neuro-endocrine récidivante ou métastatique, cet essai de phase IB évalue l’efficacité, du point de vue du taux de réponse objective, et la toxicité du toripalimab (un anticorps monoclonal ciblant PD-1) en traitement de deuxième ligne

Efficacy, Safety, and Biomarkers of Toripalimab in Patients with Recurrent or Metastatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Multiple-Center Phase Ib Trial

Ming Lu, Panpan Zhang, Yanqiao Zhang (et al.)

Purpose: Patients with recurrent or metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) had a poor prognosis and few treatment options. Toripalimab, a humanized IgG4 antibody specific for human PD-1 receptor, was first approved to treat second-line metastatic melanoma in China in 2018. Patients and Methods: The multiple-center phase Ib trial enrolled patients with NENs (Ki-67 ? 10%) after failure of first-line therapy received 3 mg/kg toripalimab once every two weeks. The primary objective was objective [...]

Cette étude passe en revue les essais évaluant l’efficacité et la toxicité des inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire chez des populations spécifiques, notamment les patients âgés ou présentant des comorbidités, et met l’accent sur les patients atteints d’un cancer du poumon de stade avancé

Immune checkpoint inhibitors in special populations: a focus on advanced lung cancer partients

Corina Escoin-Pereza, Sara Blascob, Oscar Juan-Vidal

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including those targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), its ligand 1 (PD-L1), or cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) have become the standard treatment for several malignancies, including lung cancer. However, some patient populations have been routinely excluded from clinical trials or are underrepresented in these studies, as is the case of elderly patients or patients with poor performance status, brain metastases, solid organ transplant, [...]

Mené sur 28 patients atteints d’une amylose AL (amylose à chaine légère d'immunoglobuline) récemment diagnostiquée (âge médian : 67,5 ans), cet essai évalue l’efficacité, du point de vue du taux de réponse, et la toxicité de l’ajout du daratumumab à un traitement combinant cyclophosphamide, bortézomib et dexaméthasone

Daratumumab Plus CyBorD for Patients With Newly Diagnosed AL Amyloidosis: Safety Run-in Results of ANDROMEDA

Giovanni Palladini, Efstathios Kastritis, Mathew S. Maurer (et al.)

Although no therapies are currently approved for light chain (AL) amyloidosis, cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (CyBorD) is considered a standard treatment for newly diagnosed patients. Based on safety and efficacy of the anti-CD38 antibody daratumumab in multiple myeloma (MM), the phase 3 ANDROMEDA study is evaluating daratumumab-CyBorD versus CyBorD in newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis. We report results of the 28-patient safety run-in. Patients received subcutaneous daratumumab [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (14 études, 4 561 patients), cette méta-analyse évalue le bénéfice, en termes de survie, d'une radiothérapie (standard ou hypofractionnée) et du témozolomide, seuls ou en combinaison chez les patients atteints d'un glioblastome et âgés de plus de 60 ans

Determining the Optimal Adjuvant Therapy for Improving Survival in Elderly Patients with Glioblastoma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis

Nassiri, Farshad ; Taslimi, Shervin ; Wang, Justin Z. ; Badhiwala, Jetan H. ; Dalcourt, Tatyana ; Ijad, Nazanin ; Pirouzmand, Neda ; Almenawer, Saleh ; Stupp, Roger ; Zadeh, Gelareh

Purpose: Older patients with glioblastoma (GBM) are underrepresented in clinical trials. Several abbreviated and standard chemoradiotherapy regimens are advocated with no consensus on the optimal approach. Our objective was to quantitatively evaluate which of these regimens would provide the most favorable survival outcomes in older patients with GBM using a network meta-analysis. Experimental Design: MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Patients >60 years of [...]

Cet article présente les recommandations de l'"European Society for Medical Oncology" concernant le diagnostic et le traitement d'une tumeur neuroendocrine gastro-entéro-pancréatique ainsi que le suivi des patients

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up†

Pavel, M. ; Öberg, K. ; Falconi, M. ; Krenning, E. ; Sundin, A. ; Perren, A. ; Berruti, A.

This ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline provides key recommendations on the management of GEP-NENs Authorship includes a multidisciplinary group of experts from different institutions and countries in Europe A summary of recommendations is provided, including levels of evidence and grades of recommendation where applicable

A partir d'une analyse statistique des données de survie globale d'un essai de phase III comparant l'efficacité du lenvatinib et du sorafénib pour traiter un carcinome hépatocellulaire non résécable, cette étude met en évidence une probable sous-estimation de l'effet du lenvatinib sur la survie globale

Covariate-adjusted analysis of the Phase 3 REFLECT study of lenvatinib versus sorafenib in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

Briggs, Andrew ; Daniele, Bruno ; Dick, Katherine ; Evans, Thomas R. Jeffry ; Galle, Peter R. ; Hubner, Richard A. ; Lopez, Carlos ; Siebert, Uwe ; Tremblay, Gabriel

Background : In the Phase 3 REFLECT trial in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC), the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, lenvatinib, was noninferior to sorafenib in the primary outcome of overall survival. Post-hoc review revealed imbalances in prognostic variables between treatment arms. Here, we re-analyse overall survival data from REFLECT to adjust for the imbalance in covariates. Methods : Univariable and multivariable adjustments were undertaken for a [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature (256 articles), cette étude analyse les définitions attribuées aux concepts de "sous-traitement" et de "sur-traitement" chez les personnes âgées atteintes d'un cancer

Defining Undertreatment and Overtreatment in Older Adults With Cancer: A Scoping Literature Review

DuMontier, Clark ; Loh, Kah Poh ; Bain, Paul A. ; Silliman, Rebecca A. ; Hshieh, Tammy ; Abel, Gregory A. ; Djulbegovic, Benjamin ; Driver, Jane A. ; Dale, William

PURPOSE : The terms undertreatment and overtreatment are often used to describe inappropriate management of older adults with cancer. We conducted a comprehensive scoping review of the literature to clarify the meanings behind the use of the terms. METHODS : We searched PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information), Embase (Elsevier), and CINAHL (EBSCO) for titles and abstracts that included the terms undertreatment or overtreatment with regard to older adults with cancer. We included [...]

Cet article présente des recommandations, issues d'une conférence internationale de consensus, sur le traitement d'une tumeur solide présentant une instabilité des microsatellites ou une fusion du gène NTRK

JSCO/ESMO/ASCO/JSMO/TOS: International expert consensus recommendations for tumour-agnostic treatments in patients with solid tumours with microsatellite instability or NTRK fusions

Yoshino, T. ; Pentheroudakis, G. ; Mishima, S. ; Overman, M. J. ; Yeh, K. H. ; Baba, E. ; Naito, Y. ; Calvo, F. ; Saxena, A. ; Chen, L. T. ; Takeda, M. ; Cervantes, A. ; Taniguchi, H. ; Yoshida, K. ; Kodera, Y. ; Kitagawa, Y. ; Tabernero, J. ; Burris, H. ; Douillard, J. Y.

A Japan Society of Clinical Oncology (JSCO)-hosted expert meeting was held in Japan on 27 October 2019 which comprised experts from the JSCO, the Japanese Society of Medical Oncology (JSMO), the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), and the Taiwan Oncology Society (TOS). The purpose of the meeting was to focus on what we have learnt from both microsatellite instability (MSI)/deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) biomarkers in predicting the [...]

Menée à partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en juillet 2018, cette étude estime en cancérologie la proportion de patients ayant reçu, dans le cadre d'un essai de phase I, un traitement anticancéreux pour lequel l'indication et la dose administrée seront autorisées par la "U.S. Food and Drug Administration" ou recommandées par le "National Comprehensive Cancer Network"

Proportion of Patients in Phase 1 Oncology Trials Receiving Treatments that are Ultimately Approved

Zhang, Sean X. ; Fergusson, Dean ; Kimmelman, Jonathan

Background : Phase 1 oncology trials are often regarded as a therapeutic option for patients. However, such claims have relied on surrogate measures of benefit, such as objective response. Methods : Using a systematic search of publications, we assessed the therapeutic value of phase 1 cancer trial participation by determining the probability that patients will receive active doses of treatments that eventually receive FDA approval or an NCCN guideline recommendation for their indication. [...]

Cet article passe en revue les progrès réalisés au cours des 45 dernières années dans la compréhension et le traitement des cancers du sein

Breast Cancer: 45 Years of Research and Progress

Hortobagyi, Gabriel N.

The state of cancer research and care is the result of the effort and contributions of the pioneers who established the discipline of oncology and the many thought leaders who followed. Many of them preceded me on this podium as karnofsky lecturers.

Cet article présente les recommandations de trois sociétés savantes américaines sur le traitement d'un cancer du sein héréditaire

Management of Hereditary Breast Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society for Radiation Oncology, and Society of Surgical Oncology Guideline

Tung, Nadine M. ; Boughey, Judy C. ; Pierce, Lori J. ; Robson, Mark E. ; Bedrosian, Isabelle ; Dietz, Jill R. ; Dragun, Anthony ; Gelpi, Judith Balmana ; Hofstatter, Erin W. ; Isaacs, Claudine J. ; Jatoi, Ismail ; Kennedy, Elaine ; Litton, Jennifer K. ; Mayr, Nina A. ; Qamar, Rubina D. ; Trombetta, Mark G. ; Harvey, Brittany E. ; Somerfield, Mark R. ; Zakalik, Dana

PURPOSE : To develop recommendations for management of patients with breast cancer (BC) with germline mutations in BC susceptibility genes. METHODS : The American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society for Radiation Oncology, and Society of Surgical Oncology convened an Expert Panel to develop recommendations based on a systematic review of the literature and a formal consensus process. RESULTS : Fifty-eight articles met eligibility criteria and formed the evidentiary basis for the [...]