Menée en Allemagne sur la période 2003-2010 par questionnaire auprès de 2 444 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal et de 2 475 témoins (âge médian : 70 ans ; 58,4% d'hommes), cette étude analyse l'association entre le tabagisme, la consommation d'alcool et le risque de développer la maladie, par sous-types moléculaires

Smoking, alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer risk by molecular pathological subtypes and pathways

Amitay, Efrat L. ; Carr, Prudence R. ; Jansen, Lina ; Roth, Wilfried ; Alwers, Elizabeth ; Herpel, Esther ; Kloor, Matthias ; Blaker, Hendrik ; Chang-Claude, Jenny ; Brenner, Hermann ; Hoffmeister, Michael

Background: Smoking and alcohol increase risk for colorectal malignancies. However, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogenic disease and associations with the molecular pathological pathways are unclear. Methods: This population-based case–control study includes 2444 cases with first-diagnosis CRC and 2475 controls. Tumour tissue was analysed for MSI (microsatellite instability), CIMP (CpG island methylator phenotype), BRAF (B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase gene) and KRAS (Kirsten [...]

Menée au Canada à partir de données d'enquêtes nationales réalisées sur la période 1961-2001, cette étude estime la part des cancers du poumon attribuable à une exposition professionnelle au radon

Estimating the burden of lung cancer in Canada attributed to occupational radon exposure using a novel exposure assessment method

Ge, C. B. ; Kim, J. ; Labrèche, F. ; Heer, E. ; Song, C. ; Arrandale, V. H. ; Pahwa, M. ; Peters, C. E. ; Demers, P. A.

Objective: Exposure to radon causes lung cancer. The scope and impact of exposure among Canadian workers have not been assessed. Our study estimated occupational radon exposure in Canada and its associated lung cancer burden. Methods: Exposed workers were identified among the working population during the risk exposure period (1961–2001) using data from the Canadian Census and Labour Force Survey. Exposure levels were assigned based on 12,865 workplace radon measurements for indoor workers and [...]

Menée en Asie de l'Est auprès de 1 001 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal et de 899 témoins, cette étude analyse l'effet des polymorphismes rares ADH1B et ALDH2 sur la relation entre une consommation importante d'alcool associée à un régime alimentaire faible en folates et le risque de développer la maladie

Folate, alcohol, ADH1B and ALDH2 and colorectal cancer risk

Seol, Ju Eun ; Kim, Jeongseon ; Lee, Bong-Hwa ; Hwang, Dae-Yong ; Jeong, Jinyoung ; Lee, Hun-Jae ; Ahn, Yoon-Ok ; Lee, Jung Eun ; Kim, Dong-Hyun

Objective: There is limited evidence on the interaction by alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (ADH1B) (rs1229984) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) (rs671) regarding the associations of alcohol and a methyl diet (low folate and high alcohol intake) with cancer risk, partly because of rare polymorphisms in Western populations. Design: In a case–control study, we estimated the ORs and 95 % CIs to evaluate the associations of ADH1B and ALDH2 genotypes with colorectal cancer (CRC) and the joint association [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 8 935 personnes (âge moyen : 63 ans ; durée médiane de suivi : 14,7 ans ; 56 % de femmes), cette étude analyse l'association entre le débit de filtration glomérulaire du rein ou le rapport albumine/créatinine dans les urines et le risque de cancer, par localisation (2 030 cas)

Albuminuria, Kidney Function, and Cancer Risk in the Community

Mok, Yejin ; Ballew, Shoshana H ; Sang, Yingying ; Coresh, Josef ; Joshu, Corinne E ; Platz, Elizabeth A ; Matsushita, Kunihiro

Few studies comprehensively investigated the association of two key kidney measures, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), with cancer incidence. In 8,935 participants at the baseline (1996-98) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, we quantified the associations of eGFR (based on creatinine and cystatin C) and ACR with cancer risk using Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Due to changing guidelines [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données 1973-2015 des registres des cancers portant sur 421 062 patients (âge : 25-39 ans), cette étude analyse les tendances de l'incidence des cancers de 48 sites anatomiques pour identifier des facteurs étiologiques communs, en fonction du sexe

Do temporal trends in cancer incidence reveal organ system connections for cancer etiology?

Yang, Wan ; Terry, Mary Beth

Background: Recent studies have reported substantial increases in cancer incidence in young adults under 40 years in the US. Methods: We applied hierarchical cluster analysis to identify cancer anatomical clustering, for 48 anatomic sites, using incidence trends since 1973 for 25-39 year-olds. Results: Temporal trends mapped to three major clusters in men involving six organ systems (digestive, endocrine, urinary, blood, respiratory, and male genital) and one cluster in women involving five [...]

Menée en Chine auprès de 2 cohortes de 187 patients atteints d'un cancer du pancréas et 362 témoins au total, cette étude analyse l'association entre les concentrations sériques en choline, bétaïne, méthionine, diméthylglycine ou N-oxyde de triméthylamine et le risque de développer la maladie

A Prospective Evaluation of Serum Methionine-Related Metabolites in Relation to Pancreatic Cancer Risk in Two Prospective Cohort Studies

Huang, Joyce Y. ; Luu, Hung N. ; Butler, Lesley M. ; Midttun, Øivind ; Ulvik, Arve ; Wang, Renwei ; Jin, Aizhen ; Gao, Yu-Tang ; Tan, Yuting ; Ueland, Per M. ; Koh, Woon-Puay ; Yuan, Jian-Min

Deficiencies in methyl donor status may render DNA methylation changes and DNA damage, leading to carcinogenesis. Epidemiological studies reported that higher dietary intake of choline is associated with lower risk of pancreatic cancer, but no study has examined the association of serum choline and its metabolites with risk of pancreatic cancer. Two parallel case–control studies, one nested within the Shanghai Cohort Study (129 cases and 258 controls) and the other within the Singapore Chinese [...]

Menée à l'aide de données européennes et d'une méthode de randomisation mendélienne, notamment les données d'une méta-analyse d'association sur le génome entier (668 761‬ individus au total), cette étude analyse la relation entre un dysfonctionnement thyroïdien et le risque de cancer (22 localisations), en particulier le cancer du sein

Causal associations of thyroid function and dysfunction with overall, breast and thyroid cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Yuan, Shuai ; Kar, Siddhartha ; Vithayathil, Mathew ; Carter, Paul ; Mason, Amy M. ; Burgess, Stephen ; Larsson, Susanna C.

Whether thyroid dysfunction plays a causal role in the development of cancer remains inconclusive. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study to investigate the associations between genetic predisposition to thyroid dysfunction and 22 site-specific cancers. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with four traits of thyroid function were selected from a genome-wide association meta-analysis with up to 72 167 European-descent individuals. Summary-level data for breast cancer and [...]