Menée aux Etats-unis à partir de données d'enquêtes réalisées entre 2013 et 2016 et portant sur 7 438 jeunes âgés de 12 à 17 ans, cette étude analyse l'association entre une utilisation de la cigarette électronique et une consommation de cigarettes classiques un an plus tard

E-Cigarette Use and Regular Cigarette Smoking Among Youth: Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (2013-2016)

Osibogun, Olatokunbo ; Bursac, Zoran ; Maziak, Wasim

Introduction: This study examines the association between current e-cigarette use at baseline and regular cigarette smoking at follow-up among U.S. youth. Methods: A longitudinal analysis of youth (aged 12–17 years) data from Waves 1–3 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (2013–2016) was conducted between January 2019 and December 2019. Youth who reported past-30-day current e-cigarette use at baseline were identified and followed for regular cigarette smoking (≥20 days) at [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en novembre 2018 (17 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une utilisation de la cigarette électronique par des non-fumeurs de cigarettes classiques et le tabagisme ultérieur

Is e-cigarette use in non-smoking young adults associated with later smoking? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Khouja, Jasmine N ; Suddell, Steph F ; Peters, Sarah E ; Taylor, Amy E ; Munafò, Marcus R

Objective: The aim of this review was to investigate whether e-cigarette use compared with non-use in young non-smokers is associated with subsequent cigarette smoking. Data sources: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wiley Cochrane Library databases, and the 2018 Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco and Society for Behavioural Medicine conference abstracts. Study selection: All studies of young people (up to age 30 years) with a measure of e-cigarette use prior to smoking and an outcome [...]

Menée en Angleterre à partir des données d'une enquête réalisée sur la période 2014-2016 auprès de 413 fumeurs de cigarettes classiques utilisant la cigarette électronique ou des substituts nicotiniques (durée de suivi : 6 mois), cette étude analyse l'effet de ces pratiques d'aide au sevrage sur les comportements tabagiques

Is dual use of nicotine products and cigarettes associated with smoking reduction and cessation behaviours? A prospective study in England

Jackson, Sarah E ; Farrow, Emma ; Brown, Jamie ; Shahab, Lion

Objectives: To investigate associations of dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes with subsequent quitting activity (smoking reduction, quit attempts and use of evidence-based cessation aids). To overcome potential confounding by factors associated with use of pharmacological support, we selected dual use of over-the-counter nicotine replacement therapy (OTC NRT) and cigarettes as a behavioural control. Design: Prospective cohort study with 6-month follow-up. Setting: England, 2014–2016. [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données 1995-2011 portant sur 468 952 individus (durée médiane de suivi : 15,5 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre un apport en acides gras polyinsaturés à longue chaîne n-3 et le risque de cancer de la tête et du cou (2 453 cas), de l'œsophage (1 122 cas) ou de l'estomac (1 234 cas)

Dietary polyunsaturated fat intake in relation to head and neck, esophageal, and gastric cancer incidence in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

Zamani, Shawn A ; McClain, Kathleen M ; Graubard, Barry I ; Liao, Linda M ; Abnet, Christian C ; Cook, Michael B ; Petrick, Jessica L

n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) express anti-inflammatory properties and prevent tumor progression. Conversely, n-6 PUFAs exhibit carcinogenic properties. Recent epidemiologic studies have examined the association of fish with upper gastrointestinal cancer risk, but the associations with n-3 and n-6 PUFA subtypes remain unclear. Utilizing the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study (1995-2011), we prospectively investigated the associations of PUFA subtypes, ratios, and fish with the incidence [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en octobre 2019 (21 articles), cette étude fait le point sur le rôle de facteurs modifiables liés au mode de vie (alimentation, activité physique, gestion du poids) dans la prévention des cancers du sein et de l'ovaire chez les femmes porteuses d'une mutation BRCA 1/2

Diet, weight management, physical activity and Ovarian & Breast Cancer Risk in women with BRCA1/2 pathogenic Germline gene variants: systematic review

Coletta, Adriana M. ; Peterson, Susan K. ; Gatus, Leticia A. ; Krause, Kate J. ; Schembre, Susan M. ; Gilchrist, Susan C. ; Arun, Banu ; You, Y. Nancy ; Rodriguez-Bigas, Miguel A. ; Strong, Larkin L. ; Lu, Karen H. ; Basen-Engquist, Karen

Introduction : Women with pathogenic germline gene variants in BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 are at increased risk of developing ovarian and breast cancer. While surgical and pharmacological approaches are effective for risk-reduction, it is unknown whether lifestyle approaches such as healthful dietary habits, weight management, and physical activity may also contribute to risk-reduction. We conducted a systematic review of evidence related to dietary habits, weight status/change, and physical activity [...]

Menée en Iran par questionnaire auprès de 240 témoins, 129 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal et de 130 patients atteints d'adénomes colorectaux (âge moyen : 56,5 ans), cette étude multicentrique analyse l'association entre l'indice de qualité nutritionnelle et le risque de développer ces maladies

The relationship between the index of nutritional quality and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma : a case-control study

Bahrami, Alireza ; Rafiei, Pegah ; Jafari Nasab, Saeede ; Hekmatdoost, Azita ; Sohrab, Golbon ; Sadeghi, Amir ; Hejazi, Ehsan

Objective: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, whereas dietary factors are its most modifiable risk factors. The index of nutritional quality is considered as a general overview of the nutrient content of diet. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the index of nutritional quality and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenomas. Methods: Overall, 129 colorectal cancer and 130 colorectal adenoma cases and 240 healthy controls were studied in [...]

Menée en Suède à partir de données de registres portant sur 50 275 patients atteints d'une hépatite C ou B chronique (14 205 patients prenant de l'aspirine ; durée médiane de suivi : 7,9 ans), cette étude analyse l'effet d'une utilisation d'aspirine à faible dose sur le risque de carcinome hépatocellulaire lié à une hépatite (1 612 cas), ainsi que la mortalité associée

Association of Aspirin with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver-Related Mortality

Simon, Tracey G. ; Duberg, Ann-Sofi ; Aleman, Soo ; Chung, Raymond T. ; Chan, Andrew T. ; Ludvigsson, Jonas F.

Background: More information is needed about the long-term effects of low-dose aspirin (≤160 mg) on incident hepatocellular carcinoma, liver-related mortality, and gastrointestinal bleeding in persons with chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection. Methods: Using nationwide Swedish registries, we identified all adults who received a diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C from 2005 through 2015 and who did not have a history of aspirin use (50,275 patients). Patients who were [...]

Menée au Brésil par entretien sur la période 2014-2016 auprès de 666 adolescentes et de leur mère (âge moyen des filles : 12,4 ans : âge moyen des mères : 40,6 ans), cette étude analyse les facteurs liés à leurs connaissances sur le papillomavirus humain, le cancer du col de l'utérus et le vaccin anti-HPV, puis estime le taux d'abandon vaccinal

Knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV immunization dropout rate among Brazilian adolescent girls and their guardians

Santos, Ana Carolina da Silva ; Silva, Nayara Nascimento Toledo ; Carneiro, Cláudia Martins ; Coura-Vital, Wendel ; Lima, Angélica Alves

Background: Infections with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) are the main cause of cervical cancer. Since 2014, the HPV vaccine was introduced in the Brazilian National Vaccination Calendar. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of adolescent girls and their mothers/guardians about HPV and HPV vaccine, identify the factors associated with this knowledge, and evaluate immunization dropout rate. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving adolescent girls and their [...]

Menée au Canada auprès de 518 personnes ayant accepté d'être recontactées, cette étude analyse le taux de sevrage tabagique 5 ans après l'envoi par courrier de cinq semaines de traitement de substitution par patchs nicotiniques

Five-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial Testing Mailed Nicotine Patches to Promote Tobacco Cessation

Cunningham, John A. ; Kushnir, Vladyslav ; Selby, Peter ; Zawertailo, Laurie ; Tyndale, Rachel F. ; Leatherdale, Scott T. ; Schell, Christina

Our previous randomized clinical trial demonstrated that smokers receiving nicotine patches by mail (5 weeks of nicotine patches) were more likely to report 30-day point prevalence abstinence at 6 months compared with smokers not mailed nicotine patches. The current project extends this research by recontacting participants after 5 years. Briefly, attempts were made to recontact participants from the original randomized clinical trial (924 to be recontacted; 75 did not consent to recontact). [...]