Menée à partir de données portant sur 103 902 individus inclus dans l'essai "Prostate, Lung Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial" (âge : 55-74 ans ; durée moyenne de suivi : 11,5 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre un indicateur caractérisant le potentiel inflammatoire de l'alimentation et le risque de cancer primitif du foie (120 cas), ainsi que la mortalité associée (102 décès)

Dietary inflammatory index and incidence of and death from primary liver cancer: a prospective study of 103 902 American adults

Zhong, Guo-Chao ; Wang, Kang ; Peng, Yang ; Shivappa, Nitin ; Hebert, James R. ; Wu, You-Qi-Le ; Gong, Jian-Ping

Chronic inflammation plays an important role in primary liver cancer (PLC) etiology, and can be influenced by dietary habits. No prospective study has investigated the association of dietary inflammatory index (DII) with PLC incidence and mortality. Therefore, we used prospective data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial to fill this gap. The DII was calculated from a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire in a cohort of 103902 individuals. Cox [...]

Cet article passe en revue l'influence de facteurs liés à l'alimentation dans le développement de différents cancers

Diet, nutrition, and cancer risk: what do we know and what is the way forward?

Key, Timothy J ; Bradbury, Kathryn E ; Perez-Cornago, Aurora ; Sinha, Rashmi ; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K ; Tsugane, Shoichiro

Scientists have suspected for decades that nutrition has an important influence on the risk of developing cancer. Epidemiological studies as early as the 1960s showed that cancer rates varied widely between populations and that cancer rates in migrants moving from low to high risk countries could rise to equal or sometimes exceed the rates in the host population. These observations implied the existence of important environmental causes of cancer, and other studies showed strong correlations [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en février 2020 (18 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la consommation d'acrylamide d'origine alimentaire et le risque de cancers du sein, de l'endomètre et de l'ovaire, en fonction des statuts ménopausique et tabagique

Dietary intake of acrylamide and risk of breast, endometrial and ovarian cancers: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

Adani, Giorgia ; Filippini, Tommaso ; Wise, Lauren A ; Halldorsson, Thorhallur I ; Blaha, Ludek ; Vinceti, Marco

Acrylamide is a probable human carcinogen. Aside from occupational exposures and smoking, diet is the main source of exposure in humans. We performed a systematic review of the association between estimated dietary intake of acrylamide and risk of female breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers in non-experimental studies published through February 25, 2020, and conducted a dose-response meta-analysis. We identified 18 papers covering 10 different study populations: 16 cohort and 2 case-control [...]

Menée au Japon par questionnaire auprès de 90 185 participants sur la période 1995-1998 (durée médiane de suivi : 16,9 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre une consommation de produits à base de soja (fermenté ou non) et le risque de cancer du pancréas (577 cas)

Soy food intake and pancreatic cancer risk: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study

Yamagiwa, Yoko ; Sawada, Norie ; Shimazu, Taichi ; Yamaji, Taiki ; Goto, Atsushi ; Takachi, Ribeka ; Ishihara, Junko ; Iwasaki, Motoki ; Inoue, Manami ; Tsugane, Shoichiro

Background: Although the poor prognosis and increasing incidence of pancreatic cancer highlight the need for prevention strategies, few lifestyle risk factors for pancreatic cancer have yet been identified. Soybeans contain various bioactive compounds. However, the association between soy food intake and pancreatic cancer risk remains unknown. Methods: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study) is a cohort study conducted in a general Japanese population. To determine [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 453 465 individus (durée moyenne de suivi : 13,5 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre des indicateurs caractérisant le potentiel inflammatoire de l'alimentation ou du mode de vie et le risque de cancer colorectal (10 336 cas)

Associations of novel dietary and lifestyle inflammation scores with incident colorectal cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

Byrd, Doratha A ; Judd, Suzanne E ; Flanders, W Dana ; Hartman, Terryl J ; Fedirko, Veronika ; Agurs-Collins, Tanya ; Bostick, Roberd M

Chronically higher inflammation, likely contributed to by dietary and lifestyle exposures, may increase risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). To address this, we investigated associations of novel dietary (DIS) and lifestyle (LIS) inflammation scores with incident CRC in the prospective National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons (NIH-AARP) Diet and Health Study (N = 453,465).The components of our previously developed and externally validated 19-component DIS and [...]

Menée à l'aide de données portant sur les participants de l'essai "Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial" (durée médiane de suivi : 11,5 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre une consommation de produits de glycation avancée (présents dans les aliments riches en graisses et hautement transformés) et le risque de cancer du sein (1 592 cas)

Dietary advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and risk of breast cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO)

Omofuma, Omonefe O ; Turner, David P. ; Peterson, Lindsay L ; Merchant, Anwar T ; Zhang, Jiajia ; Steck, Susan E

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases including cancer. AGEs are produced endogenously but can also be consumed from foods. AGE formation in food is accelerated during cooking at high temperatures. Certain high fat or highly processed foods have high AGE values. The objective of the study was to assign and quantify NƐ-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML)-AGE content in food and investigate the association between dietary AGE intake and [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en décembre 2018 (18 études ; 9 014 patients), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une consommation de fruits ou de légumes et l'incidence du cancer du col de l'utérus

Fruits and vegetables and cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tomita, Luciana Yuki ; Horta, Bernardo Lessa ; da Silva, Lara Lívia Santos ; Malta, Maira Barreto ; Franco, Eduardo Luis ; Cardoso, Marly Augusto

We conducted a meta-analysis to examine the association of fruits and vegetables intake with the occurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cancer. MEDLINE, LILACS, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases and gray literature on Google Scholar were searched before December 17, 2018. Odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) estimates for the highest vs. the lowest intake of intake and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from the included studies were pooled using [...]

Menée à partir de données américaines portant sur 57 850 applicateurs de produits phytosanitaires, cette étude analyse l'association entre 39 pesticides et le risque de cancer agressif de la prostate (833 cas)

Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators

Pardo, Larissa A. ; Beane Freeman, Laura E. ; Lerro, Catherine C. ; Andreotti, Gabriella ; Hofmann, Jonathan N. ; Parks, Christine G. ; Sandler, Dale P. ; Lubin, Jay H. ; Blair, Aaron ; Koutros, Stella

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among men in developed countries; however, little is known about modifiable risk factors. Some studies have implicated organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides as risk factors (particularly the organodithioate class) and risk of clinically significant PCa subtypes. However, few studies have evaluated other pesticides. We used data from the Agricultural Health Study, a large prospective cohort of pesticide [...]

Menée en Chine à partir de données 2006-2013 de 10 grandes villes, cette étude analyse l'association entre une exposition à la pollution de l'air ambiant et l'incidence du carcinome rhinopharyngé, en fonction du sexe et du polluant

Association of Ambient Air Pollution with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Incidence in Ten Large Chinese Cities, 2006–2013

Yang, Tianan ; Liu, Yexin ; Zhao, Weigang ; Chen, Zhenjiao ; Deng, Jianwei

Large cities in China are experiencing severe ambient air pollution. Although China accounts for more than 45% of new cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma worldwide in 2018, few studies have examined the association between ambient air pollution and the high nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) incidence in China. Thus, we aim to investigate whether exposure to ambient air pollution (including nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and PM10) would significantly affect NPC incidence in large Chinese cities. [...]

Menée en Finlande à l'aide de données portant sur 458 patients atteints d'une pancréatite chronique traitée par endoscopie entre 2000 et 2010 et sur 349 patients atteints d'un adénome du pancréas réséqué entre 2000 et 2014 (durée médiane de suivi : 9 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre ces 2 maladies

Association between chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer: a ten-year retrospective study of endoscopically treated and surgical patients

Korpela, Taija ; Udd, Marianne ; Mustonen, Harri ; Ristimäki, Ari ; Haglund, Caj ; Seppänen, Hanna ; Kylänpää, Leena

Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a poor prognosis. Chronic pancreatitis (CP) associates with high morbidity and mortality, and serves as a risk factor for PC. This study aimed to assess the association between endoscopically treated CP patients and PC, and to establish the rate of CP among patients undergoing surgery for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We retrospectively analyzed 458 CP patients undergoing endoscopic treatment (ET) between 2000 and 2010 and 349 PDAC patients undergoing [...]

Menée au Portugal à l'aide de données 2005-2010 et d'une extraction de l'ADN d'échantillons tumoraux prélevés sur 206 patients atteints d'un cancer du rectum, cette étude analyse le rôle d'une infection par le papillomavirus humain (HPV16) dans la carcinogenèse rectale

Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 infection is not detected in rectal carcinoma

Martins, Sandra F. ; Mariano, Vânia ; Rodrigues, Mesquita ; Longatto-Filho, Adhemar

Introduction: Persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections is associated with squamous cell carcinomas of different human anatomic sites. Several studies have suggested a potential role for HPV infection, particularly HPV16 genotype, in rectal cancer carcinogenesis.. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of oncogenic HPV 16 viral DNA sequences in rectal carcinomas cases retrieved from the pathology archive of Braga Hospital, North Portuga. Methods: TaqMan-based type-specific [...]

Menée en Chine auprès de 423 patients atteints d'un carcinome épidermoïde de l'œsophage et de 423 témoins, cette étude identifie des facteurs de risque associés au développement de la maladie

Risk Factors of Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer Specific for Different Macroscopic Types

Yang, Huimin ; Lin, Zheng ; Lin, Yulan ; He, Fei ; Liu, Shuang ; Zhang, Zhihui ; Wang, Jingwen ; Xie, Qianwen ; Chen, Yuanmei ; Chen, Weilin ; Hu, Zhijian

Objective: To further explore risk factors of esophageal squamous cell cancer specific for different macroscopic types. Methods: A total of 423 patients and 423 age (±3 years) and gender matched controls were recruited. Multinomial logistic regression and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the risk factors of ESCC specific for different macroscopic types. Results: In this study, we found that drinking hot tea (OR = 1.98, 95% CI:1.14?3.43) and higher intake of hard [...]

Menée en France par questionnaire auprès de 1 100 témoins et de 117 enfants atteints d'une tumeur de Wilms (néphroblastome) diagnostiqué en 2010-2011 (âge : moins de 11 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre des caractéristiques maternelles ou périnatales et le risque de développer la maladie

Maternal and perinatal characteristics, congenital malformations and the risk of wilms tumor: the ESTELLE study

Bauer, Hélène ; Rios, Paula ; Schleiermacher, Gudrun ; Valteau-Couanet, Dominique ; Bertozzi, Anne-Isabelle ; Thebaud, Estelle ; Gandemer, Virginie ; Pellier, Isabelle ; Verschuur, Arnauld ; Spiegel, Alexandra ; Notz-Carrere, Anne ; Bergeron, Christophe ; Orsi, Laurent ; Lacour, Brigitte ; Clavel, Jacqueline

Purpose: Wilms tumor (WT), or nephroblastoma, is an embryonic tumor that constitutes the most common renal tumor in children. Little is known about the etiology of WT. The aim of this study was to investigate whether maternal or perinatal characteristics were associated with the risk of WT. Methods: The ESTELLE study is a national-based case–control study that included 117 cases of WT and 1,100 controls younger than 11 years old. The cases were children diagnosed in France in 2010–2011 and the [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en octobre 2017 (78 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre l'indice de masse corporelle, les niveaux de PSA et le risque de cancer de la prostate (avancé ou non)

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between body mass index, prostate cancer, advanced prostate cancer, and prostate-specific antigen

Harrison, Sean ; Tilling, Kate ; Turner, Emma L. ; Martin, Richard M. ; Lennon, Rosie ; Lane, J. Athene ; Donovan, Jenny L. ; Hamdy, Freddie C. ; Neal, David E. ; Bosch, J. L. H. Ruud ; Jones, Hayley E.

Purpose: The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and prostate cancer remains unclear. However, there is an inverse association between BMI and prostate-specific antigen (PSA), used for prostate cancer screening. We conducted this review to estimate the associations between BMI and (1) prostate cancer, (2) advanced prostate cancer, and (3) PSA. Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase for studies until 02 October 2017 and obtained individual participant data from four studies. In total, 78 [...]

Menée à l'aide d'une méthode de randomisation mendélienne et de données d'études d'association sur le génome entier portant sur 11 016 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal et sur 13 732 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre le niveau sérique d'acides gras polyinsaturés et le risque de développer la maladie, en fonction de l'utilisation d'aspirine ou d'autres anti-inflammatoires

Mendelian Randomization of Circulating Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Colorectal Cancer Risk

Khankari, Nikhil K. ; Banbury, Barbara L. ; Borges, Maria C. ; Haycock, Philip ; Albanes, Demetrius ; Arndt, Volker ; Berndt, Sonja I. ; Bézieau, Stéphane ; Brenner, Hermann ; Campbell, Peter T. ; Casey, Graham ; Chan, Andrew T. ; Chang-Claude, Jenny ; Conti, David V. ; Cotterchio, Michelle ; English, Dallas R. ; Figueiredo, Jane C. ; Giles, Graham G. ; Giovannucci, Edward L. ; Gunter, Marc J. ; Hampe, Jochen ; Hoffmeister, Michael ; Hopper, John L. ; Jenkins, Mark A. ; Joshi, Amit D. ; Marchand, Loïc Le ; Lemire, Mathieu ; Li, Christopher I. ; Li, Li ; Lindblom, Annika ; Martin, Vicente ; Moreno, Víctor ; Newcomb, Polly A. ; Offit, Kenneth ; Pharoah, Paul D.P. ; Rennert, Gad ; Sakoda, Lori C. ; Schafmayer, Clemens ; Schmit, Stephanie L. ; Slattery, Martha L. ; Song, Mingyang ; Thibodeau, Stephen N. ; Ulrich, Cornelia M. ; Weinstein, Stephanie J. ; White, Emily ; Win, Aung Ko ; Wolk, Alicja ; Woods, Michael O. ; Wu, Anna H. ; Cai, Qiuyin ; Denny, Joshua C. ; Edwards, Todd L. ; Murff, Harvey J. ; Gruber, Stephen B. ; Peters, Ulrike ; Zheng, Wei

Background: Results from epidemiologic studies examining polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and colorectal cancer risk are inconsistent. Mendelian randomization may strengthen causal inference from observational studies. Given their shared metabolic pathway, examining the combined effects of aspirin/NSAID use with PUFAs could help elucidate an association between PUFAs and colorectal cancer risk. Methods: Information was leveraged from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) regarding [...]

Menée à l'aide d'une méthode de randomisation mendélienne et des données d'une étude européenne d'association sur le génome entier portant sur 122 977 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et sur 105 974 témoins, cette étude analyse la relation entre 6 adipokines (adiponectine, facteur de croissance des hépatocytes, interleukine-6, récepteur de la leptine, inhibiteur d'activateur du plasminogène-1, résistine) ou la protéine C-réactive et le risque de développer la maladie, en général et en fonction du statut des récepteurs à œstrogènes

Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Circulating Adipokines and C-reactive Protein on Breast Cancer Risk

Robinson, Timothy ; Martin, Richard M ; Yarmolinsky, James

Circulating adipokines and C-reactive protein have been linked to breast cancer risk in observational epidemiological studies. The causal nature of these associations is unclear because of the susceptibility of conventional observational designs to residual confounding, reverse causation, and other forms of bias. Mendelian randomization uses genetic variants as proxies for risk factors to strengthen causal inference in observational settings. We performed a Mendelian randomization analysis to [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à l'aide d'une méthode de randomisation mendélienne, de données d'une étude d'association sur le génome entier et de données portant sur 206 263 femmes (durée médiane de suivi : 7,1 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre le risque de développer un cancer du sein (4 360 cas) et les concentrations circulantes du facteur de croissance 1 analogue à l'insuline (IGF-1) et de la protéine-3 de liaison aux IGF (IGFBP-3)

Insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3, and breast cancer risk: observational and Mendelian randomization analyses with 430 000 women

Murphy, N. ; Knuppel, A. ; Papadimitriou, N. ; Martin, R. M. ; Tsilidis, K. K. ; Smith-Byrne, K. ; Fensom, G. ; Perez-Cornago, A. ; Travis, R. C. ; Key, T. J. ; Gunter, M. J.

Background: Epidemiological evidence supports a positive association between circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations and breast cancer risk, but both the magnitude and causality of this relationship are uncertain. We conducted observational analyses with adjustment for regression dilution bias, and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses allowed for causal inference. Patients and methods: We investigated the associations between circulating IGF-1 concentrations and [...]