Menée auprès des 28 Etats membres de l'Union Européenne, cette étude analyse l'existence et le contenu de recommandations nationales sur l'activité physique pour la prévention de problèmes de santé

Status and contents of physical activity recommendations in European Union countries: a systematic comparative analysis

Gelius, Peter ; Tcymbal, Antonina ; Abu-Omar, Karim ; Mendes, Romeu ; Tribuzi Morais, Sara ; Whiting, Stephen ; Breda, Joao

Objectives: We analysed the information on current national physical activity recommendations in all EU Member States provided by governments in a joint EU/WHO survey on the implementation status of the EU Council Recommendation on Health-Enhancing Physical Activity across Sectors. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Participants: The representatives of the 28 EU Member State governments to the EU Physical Activity Focal Point Network. Outcome measures: National recommendations on: (A) minimum [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis par enquête auprès de 22 femmes porteuses d'une mutation BRCA, cette étude analyse leurs intentions de recourir à une salpingectomie bilatérale prophylactique et évalue le risque perçu de cancer de l'ovaire avant et après avoir subi cette opération (durée médiane de suivi : 3 ans ; âge médian lors de la chirurgie : 39,5 ans)

Perceptions of risk and reward in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers choosing salpingectomy for ovarian cancer prevention

Ghezelayagh, Talayeh S. ; Stewart, Lauren E. ; Norquist, Barbara M. ; Bowen, Deborah J. ; Yu, Vivian ; Agnew, Kathy J. ; Pennington, Kathryn P. ; Swisher, Elizabeth M.

Salpingectomy with interval oophorectomy has gained traction as an ovarian cancer prevention strategy, but is not currently recommended for high risk women. Nevertheless, some choose this approach. We aimed to understand risk perception and plans for oophorectomy in BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA) mutation carriers choosing salpingectomy for ovarian cancer prevention. This was a longitudinal survey study of BRCA mutation carriers who underwent bilateral salpingectomy to reduce ovarian cancer risk. An [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 27 934 hommes (durée de suivi : 7,9 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre une consommation de tomates, selon le mode de préparation et la concentration en lycopènes, et le risque de cancer de la prostate (1 226 cas)

Tomato consumption and intake of lycopene as predictors of the incidence of prostate cancer: the Adventist Health Study-2

Fraser, Gary E. ; Jacobsen, Bjarne K. ; Knutsen, Synnøve F. ; Mashchak, Andrew ; Lloren, Jan I.

Purpose: Studies have controversially suggested that prostate cancer, the most common cancer among Western men, is less common among those with a high intake of tomato products and lycopene. We examine multivariable associations between the intake of tomatoes and lycopene, and risk of prostate cancer. Methods: In a prospective study of 27,934 Adventist men without prevalent cancer, Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were used to address the objectives. Dietary measurement error was [...]

Menée en Iran par questionnaire auprès de 130 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal, 134 personnes atteintes de polypes adénomateux et de 243 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre la capacité antioxydante totale de l'alimentation et le risque de cancer colorectal

Dietary total antioxidant capacity and colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomatous polyps: a case-control study

Rafiee, Pegah ; Jafari Nasab, Saeede ; Bahrami, Alireza ; Rezaeimanesh, Nasim ; Jalali, Saba ; Hekmatdoost, Azita ; Sadeghi, Amir ; Naja, Farah ; Houshyari, Mohammad ; Hejazi, Ehsan

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common and the third most deadly cancer worldwide. In Iran, CRC is the third and fifth most common cancer in females and males, respectively. Chronic oxidative stress has been implicated in the development of CRC and its precursor, colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAP). While there were a few studies that suggested a favorable role of individuals antioxidants on the CRC risk, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of diet has been less investigated. [...]

Cet article passe en revue les propriétés naturelles du curcumin et ses effets dans la prévention et le traitement des cancers colorectaux

Curcumin and Colorectal Cancer: An Update and Current Perspective On This Natural Medicine

Weng, Wenhao ; Goel, Ajay

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of most common malignancies worldwide and its incidence is still growing. In spite of recent advances in targeted therapies, their clinical efficacy has been limited, non-curative and unaffordable. A growing body of literature indicates that CRC is a multi-modal disease, where a variety of factors within the tumor microenvironment play a significant role in its pathogenesis. For instance, imbalance in gut microbial profiles and impaired intestinal barrier function [...]

Menée à l'aide d'une modélisation des données GLOBOCAN 2018 portant sur 177 pays, cette étude évalue l'impact sur la santé, du point de vue du nombre de cancers du col de l'utérus, de décès ou d'années de vie perdues ajustées sur l'incapacité, de la vaccination des jeunes filles de 9 et 12 ans contre le papillomavirus humain

Effects of updated demography, disability weights, and cervical cancer burden on estimates of human papillomavirus vaccination impact at the global, regional, and national levels: a PRIME modelling study

Abbas, Kaja M. ; van Zandvoort, Kevin ; Brisson, Marc ; Jit, Mark

Background: The Papillomavirus Rapid Interface for Modelling and Economics (PRIME) has been used around the world to assess the health impact and cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in girls. We updated PRIME with new data and methods for demography, disability weights, and cervical cancer burden, and generated revised estimates of the health impact of HPV vaccination at the global, regional, and national levels for 177 countries. Methods: PRIME was updated with [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis de 2017 à 2018, cette étude analyse les taux de nicotine et des particules fines PM2,5 en suspension dans l'air à l'intérieur de 6 immeubles d'habitation après la mise en place de règles anti-tabac au domicile

Increases in Secondhand Smoke After Going Smoke Free: An Assessment of the Impact of a Mandated Smoke-Free Housing Policy

Plunk, Andrew D ; Rees, Vaughan W ; Jeng, Anna ; Wray, Jasilyn A ; Grucza, Richard A

The 12-month impact of federally-mandated smoke free housing (SFH) policy adoption (July 2018) was assessed using two markers of ambient secondhand smoke (SHS): airborne nicotine and particulate matter at the 2.5 micrometer threshold (PM2.5).We measured markers of SHS in Norfolk, VA from December 2017 to December 2018 in six federally-subsidized multi-unit public housing buildings. Multi-level regression was used to model the following comparisons: (1) the month immediately before SFH [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données d'hospitalisations, des prises en charge aux urgences et des centres anti-poisons sur la période 2010-2015, cette étude évalue la qualité des sources de données utilisées pour la surveillance des maladies liées aux pesticides (3 867 cas)

Public Health Surveillance for the Prevention of Pesticide-Related Illness in Illinois

Kyeremateng-Amoah, Emmanuel ; Friedman, Lee ; Wahl, Michael ; Forst, Linda

Objectives: There is no pesticide related illness (PRI) surveillance program in Illinois. This study examines the quality of state-based data sources for their ability to inform public health surveillance on PRI. Methods: We estimated the counts of PRI by probabilistic data linkage of hospital discharge, emergency department and poison center databases from 2010–2015. We characterized identified PRI cases. Results: We identified 3,867 unique cases of PRI and 6,269 asymptomatic pesticide [...]

Menée en Australie à l'aide d'une modélisation sur 30 ans de données portant sur des hommes et des femmes (âge moyen : 50 ans), cette étude compare l'effet, du point de vue des coûts, de l'incidence du mélanome, de la mortalité associée et du nombre d'années de vie perdues ajustées sur la qualité de vie, d'une utilisation quotidienne d'un écran solaire (prévention) par rapport aux examens cliniques annuels de la peau (dépistage précoce) ou d'un statut quo (ne rien faire)

Prevention versus early detection for long-term control of melanoma and keratinocyte carcinomas: a cost-effectiveness modelling study

Gordon, Louisa ; Olsen, Catherine ; Whiteman, David C ; Elliott, Thomas M ; Janda, Monika ; Green, Adele

Objective: To compare the long-term economic impact of melanoma prevention by sun protection, with the corresponding impact of early detection of melanoma to decrease melanoma deaths. Design: Cost-effectiveness analysis using Markov cohort model. Data were primarily from two population-based randomised controlled trials, epidemiological and costing reports, and included flow-on effects for keratinocyte cancers (previously non-melanoma skin cancers) and actinic keratoses. Setting: Queensland, [...]